James is the author of the New York Times bestseller Atomic Habits and has become arguably the definitive voice on behavior change
TLDR
Make the good easy and obvious and the bad impossible
Environment is much more powerful than discipline
Practical
To adopt a new habit, the two most important things to do
Make it obvious. Make the cue something you can’t miss
Make it easy. Scale it down into something that takes less than two minutes to do
To break a habit
Make it invisible/difficult/impossible
Cold turkey can work surprisingly well
Replace it with a healthier alternative
Think about the cues in your life you can use to trigger a new behavior you want to adopt (e.g. as soon as I finish making coffee, I will meditate for 5 minutes)
Craft your environment
Make desired behaviors easy and undesired behaviors difficult/impossible
Think about who you spend time with
Try not to let yourself mess up twice
Think about what identity you want to embrace and what sorts of habits would prove you are that person
Theory
Identity
This is James’ novel input to the field
Every time we perform a behavior, it ‘casts a vote’ in favor of being a certain type of person
Key principles of behavior changes
Make the behavior super small
Make the behavior easy to do
There are 4 stages to a behavior
Cue: could be an internal sensation (e.g. hunger) or some stimulus
Craving: a feeling associated with the cue that makes us want something
Response: following the craving we p
erform an action
Reward: that action makes us feel a certain way
You cannot overestimate the power of environment. You’ll do whatever behavior is easy, for better or worse.
Progress is super motivating. Even small progress. This is why breaking things down into very easy items is so powerful.